Master of Engineering vs. Master of Science in Computer Science: What’s the Difference?

If you’re planning a career in artificial intelligence (AI) or machine learning (ML), two of the most common graduate degree paths are a Master of Engineering with a concentration in AI and Machine Learning and a Master of Science in Computer Science. While both can help you break into the AI field, they take very different approaches. One is more applied and professionally focused, while the other is rooted in theory and academic research.

This article breaks down the key differences between a MEng and an MS in Computer Science, including curriculum focus, career outcomes, and the types of skills each degree helps you build. Whether you’re aiming to become a hands-on AI practitioner, lead technical teams, or pursue research and development, understanding these distinctions can help you choose the path that best supports your goals.

What Is a MEng Degree with a Concentration in AI and ML?

A Master of Engineering with a concentration in AI and ML is a professionally oriented degree created for engineers who want to apply AI in practical settings. Unlike research-heavy programs, the MEng degree focuses on real-world tools, industry-relevant projects, and leadership development. Students study key AI topics like machine learning, natural language processing (NLP), computer vision, and responsible AI practices while building the skills needed to lead teams and manage AI systems.

UIC’s Online MEng degree offers added flexibility. It’s fully remote and can be completed in as little as 12 months. That makes it a strong option for working professionals who want to grow in both technical and strategic areas without pausing their careers.

What Is an MS in Computer Science?

A Master of Science in Computer Science is a more traditional academic degree. It gives you a broad background in computer science covering areas like algorithms, system design, databases, and architecture while allowing you to dive deeper into AI through electives or research. This path is a solid fit if you’re interested in theory-heavy roles, advanced technical work, or plan to go on to a PhD.

Most MS programs are offered on campus, follow a semester schedule, and take around two years to finish. Some include a thesis or capstone project, depending on the school.

Which Degree Is Right for You?

Here’s a simple way to decide:

Choose a MEng Degree if you: 

• Want to work in applied AI roles or lead AI teams
• Prefer a professional, non-thesis degree
• Need the flexibility of online, accelerated coursework
• Are looking to complete your degree quickly
• Want both technical and leadership skills

Choose an MS in Computer Science if you: 

• Want a broader computer science education
• Plan to pursue a PhD or a research role
• Enjoy academic work and theoretical foundations
• Prefer a more traditional, on-campus experience (in many cases)

Comparing AI Career Paths: MEng vs. MS

Both degrees open doors to growing roles in AI and ML, but each supports different types of careers.

Careers with a MEng Degree:

• Machine Learning Engineer ($160K)
• AI Product Manager ($135K) 
• AI Research Scientist ($130K) 
• NLP Engineer ($111K) 
• Data Scientist ($125K)

Careers with an MS in Computer Science: 

• Computer and Information Research Scientist ($130K) 
• Software Developer ($119K) 
• Systems Analyst ($97K) 
• Web Developer ($71K) 
• Database Administrator ($100K) 

*Salary data from Glassdoor, PayScale, and Indeed (2024 averages)

Which Degree Helps You Build the Right Skills?

Your ideal program should match the skills you want to build for your career. Here’s how the two degrees compare:

MEng Key Skills: 

• Applied machine learning techniques
• Deep learning and neural networks
• Natural Language Processing
• Legal and ethical AI use
• Technical leadership and decision-making
• AI and ML concentration is not optional

MS in Computer Science Key Skills: 

• Strong programming fundamentals
• Algorithms and data structures
• Software engineering
• Database and network management
• Optional AI or ML concentration

Is UIC’s Online MEng with a Concentration in AI and ML Right for you?

If you’re a working professional who wants to gain practical AI skills and advance your career, UIC’s Online Master of Engineering with a concentration in AI and Machine Learning could be the right fit.

• 100% online and asynchronous
• No GRE required
• Complete in as little as 12 months
• Taught by leading AI faculty
• Designed for career advancement in AI and ML

The UIC Online MEng degree is structured around nine courses (36 credits) that combine AI and ML expertise with leadership development. All classes are delivered online in accelerated 8-week sessions, allowing full-time students to finish in as few as 12 months.

This blend of technical depth and leadership training is designed to help students not only master AI but also stand out as innovators and decision-makers in the field.